A star topology generally consists of a central hub.Adding or manipulating the network affects other participants’ nodes.Sometimes it becomes difficult to troubleshoot if the network is too large.A single node failure affects the complete network.Each node has its own share of responsibility.These rings are made around campus or buildings to form a high speed flexible, reliable network.A ring topology is generally designed in such a way that it forms a ring-type network either physically or logically.Ring topology uses the token concept where the token is transmitted along with the message for the correct delivery of the message.Nodes are connected in such a way that a single wire forms the path whose ends are joined to form a circle.As the name suggests, ring topology forms a ring by connecting participants’ nodes.It becomes costly due to the set-up of multiple paths.The network becomes too complex as there are large participants nodes.If there is a breakdown in one path between two nodes, then an alternate path is always available.Failure of one participant node or other devices such as routers will not affect the complete network.It is generally used as if a single fault in routes, wires, etc., shall not hamper complete topology.A mesh topology is generally used over a large network where a single node’s breakdown shall not affect the complete network.There is a one-to-one mapping between each node.Here each node is connected to every other node through a single one-to-one communicating wire.As the name suggests, Mesh Topology generally forms a mesh of all the interconnected nodes.If echoing is not controlled, then the same signal will repeat to and fro.Bus topology generally has terminals that absorb the signals so that echoing of the signal does not happen.Too many participants nodes make the network slow.A single cable break will bring down the bus topology.Easy to extend the network by simply adding a repeater ( a repeater generally boosts the signal and helps for transmission to longer distances).Here messages need to be transmitted over the limited number of participant nodes.It is generally used over a small network such as LAN.It is sometimes also referred to as Line Topology.The connecting wire is rightly termed as Backbone since the network’s completely smooth working depends upon the backbone wire.Generally, this wire is termed or known as “Backbone.”.This wire is responsible for transmitting a message from one participant node to another receiver node.
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